12. Sjeldne svulster
12.1. Melanom utgående fra slimhimmer
12.2. Melanom utgående fra slimhinner i hode/hals-regionen
12.3. Melanom i genitaltractus
12.4. Melanom i øyet
Aaberg, T. M. ,. J., Bergstrom, C. S., Hickner, Z. J., & Lynn, M. J. (2008). Long-term results of primary transpupillary thermal therapy for the treatment of choroidal malignant melanoma. The British journal of ophthalmology, 92(6), 741-6.
Accuracy of diagnosis of choroidal melanomas in the Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study. COMS report no. 1. (1990). Archives of ophthalmology, 108(9), 1268-1273.
Alexander, H. R. ,., Libutti, S. K., Pingpank, J. F., Steinberg, S. M., Bartlett, D. L., Helsabeck, C., & Beresneva, T. (2003). Hyperthermic isolated hepatic perfusion using melphalan for patients with ocular melanoma metastatic to liver. Clinical cancer research, 9(17), 6343-6349.
Antoniuk, P. M., Tjandra, J. J., Webb, B. W., Petras, R. E., Milsom, J. W., & Fazio, V. W. (1993). Anorectal malignant melanoma has a poor prognosis. International journal of colorectal disease, 8(2), 81-6.
Bakkal, F. K., Başman, A., Kızıl, Y., Ekinci, Ö., Gümüşok, M., Ekrem Zorlu, M., & Aydil, U. (2015). Mucosal melanoma of the head and neck: recurrence characteristics and survival outcomes. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology, 120(5), 575-80.
Bergman, L., Seregard, S., Nilsson, B., Ringborg, U., Lundell, G., & Ragnarsson-Olding, B. (2002). Incidence of uveal melanoma in Sweden from 1960 to 1998. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 43(8), 2579-83.
Boldt, H. C., Byrne, S. F., Gilson, M. M., Finger, P. T., Green, R. L., Straatsma, B. R., Simpson, E. R., & Hawkins, B. S. (2008). Baseline echographic characteristics of tumors in eyes of patients enrolled in the Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study: COMS report no. 29. Ophthalmology, 115(8), 1390-1397.
Bullard, K. M., Tuttle, T. M., Rothenberger, D. A., Madoff, R. D., Baxter, N. N., Finne, C. O., & Spencer, M. P. (2003). Surgical therapy for anorectal melanoma. Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 196(2), 206-11.
Butler, P., Char, D. H., Zarbin, M., & Kroll, S. (1994). Natural history of indeterminate pigmented choroidal tumors. Ophthalmology, 101(4), 710-6; discussion 717.
Chang, A. E., Karnell, L. H., & Menck, H. R. (1998). The National Cancer Data Base report on cutaneous and noncutaneous melanoma: a summary of 84,836 cases from the past decade. The American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer and the American Cancer Society. Cancer, 83(8), 1664-78.
Char, D. H., & Miller, T. (1995). Accuracy of Presumed Uveal Melanoma Diagnosis before Alternative Therapy. British Journal of Ophthalmology, 79(7), 692-696.
Chen, J. Q., Sun, M. X., Sha, X. Y., Zhang, P., Lin, Y. S., Li, H., Liu, Y. M., & Chen, L. S. (2006). [Management of corneo-conjunctival malignant melanoma with "no touch technique" surgical excision and corneoscleral lamellar keratoplasty]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi (Chinese journal of ophthalmology), 42(1), 22-6.
The Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study Group (2001). Assessment of metastatic disease status at death in 435 patients with large choroidal melanoma in the Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study (COMS): COMS report no. 15. Archives of ophthalmology, 119(5), 670-676.
Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study Group (2006). The COMS randomized trial of iodine 125 brachytherapy for choroidal melanoma: V. Twelve-year mortality rates and prognostic factors: COMS report No. 28. Archives of ophthalmology, 124(12), 1684-1693.
D'Angelo, S. P., Larkin, J., Sosman, J. A., Lebbé, C., Brady, B., Neyns, B., Schmidt, H., Hassel, J. C., ... Wolchok, J. D. (2017). Efficacy and Safety of Nivolumab Alone or in Combination With Ipilimumab in Patients With Mucosal Melanoma: A Pooled Analysis. Journal of clinical oncology, 35(2), 226-235.
Dagi Glass, L. R., Lawrence, D. P., Jakobiec, F. A., & Freitag, S. K. (2017). Conjunctival Melanoma Responsive to Combined Systemic BRAF/MEK Inhibitors. Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery, 33(5), e114-e116.
Damato, E. M., Damato, B., Sibbring, J. S., & Coupland, S. E. (2008). Ciliary body melanoma with partial deletion of chromosome 3 detected with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology, 246(11), 1637-40.
Damato, B., & Coupland, S. E. (2009). Management of conjunctival melanoma. Expert review of anticancer therapy, 9(9), 1227-39.
DeMatos, P., Tyler, D., & Seigler, H. F. (1998). Mucosal melanoma of the female genitalia: a clinicopathologic study of forty-three cases at Duke University Medical Center. Surgery, 124(1), 38-48.
Desjardins, L., Lumbroso-Le Rouic, L., Levy-Gabriel, C., Dendale, R., Delacroix, S., Nauraye, C., Esteve, M., Plancher, C., & Asselain, B. (2006). Combined proton beam radiotherapy and transpupillary thermotherapy for large uveal melanomas: a randomized study of 151 patients. Ophthalmic research, 38(5), 255-60.
Dhar, K. K., Das, N., Brinkman, D. A., Beynon, J. L., & Woolas, R. P. (2007). Utility of sentinel node biopsy in vulvar and vaginal melanoma: report of two cases and review of the literature. International journal of gynecological cancer, 17(3), 720-3.
Diener-West, M., Earle, J. D., Fine, S. L., Hawkins, B. S., Moy, C. S., Reynolds, S. M., Schachat, A. P., & Straatsma, B. R. (2001). The COMS randomized trial of iodine 125 brachytherapy for choroidal melanoma, III: initial mortality findings. COMS Report No. 18. Archives of ophthalmology, 119(7), 969-982.
Edge, S. B., & Compton, C. C. (2010). The American Joint Committee on Cancer: the 7th edition of the AJCC cancer staging manual and the future of TNM. Annals of surgical oncology, 17(6), 1471-4.
Eide, N., & Walaas, L. (2009). Fine-needle aspiration biopsy and other biopsies in suspected intraocular malignant disease: a review. Acta ophthalmologica, 87(6), 588-601.
Eskelin, S., & Kivela, T. (2002). Mode of presentation and time to treatment of uveal melanoma in Finland. The British journal of ophthalmology, 86(3), 333-8.
Eskelin, S., Pyrhonen, S., Hahka-Kemppinen, M., Tuomaala, S., & Kivela, T. (2003). A prognostic model and staging for metastatic uveal melanoma. Cancer, 97(2), 465-75.
Eskelin, S., Pyrhonen, S., Summanen, P., Prause, J. U., & Kivela, T. (1999). Screening for metastatic malignant melanoma of the uvea revisited. Cancer, 85(5), 1151-9.
Esmaeli, B., Roberts, D., Ross, M., Fellman, M., Cruz, H., Kim, S. K., & Prieto, V. G. (2012). Histologic features of conjunctival melanoma predictive of metastasis and death (an American Ophthalmological thesis). Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society, 110, 64-73.
Esmaeli, B., Wang, X., Youssef, A., & Gershenwald, J. E. (2001). Patterns of regional and distant metastasis in patients with conjunctival melanoma: experience at a cancer center over four decades. Ophthalmology, 108(11), 2101-5.
Finger, P. T., Kurli, M., Reddy, S., Tena, L. B., & Pavlick, A. C. (2005). Whole body PET/CT for initial staging of choroidal melanoma. The British journal of ophthalmology, 89(10), 1270-4.
Folberg, R., Rummelt, V., Parys-Van Ginderdeuren, R., Hwang, T., Woolson, R. F., Pe'er, J., & Gruman, L. M. (1993). The prognostic value of tumor blood vessel morphology in primary uveal melanoma. Ophthalmology, 100(9), 1389-98.
Frenkel, S., Nir, I., Hendler, K., Lotem, M., Eid, A., Jurim, O., & Pe'er, J. (2009). Long-term survival of uveal melanoma patients after surgery for liver metastases. The British journal of ophthalmology, 93(8), 1042-6.
Frumovitz, M., Etchepareborda, M., Sun, C. C., Soliman, P. T., Eifel, P. J., Levenback, C. F., & Ramirez, P. T. (2010). Primary malignant melanoma of the vagina. Obstetrics and gynecology, 116(6), 1358-65.
Furney, S. J., Turajlic, S., Stamp, G., Nohadani, M., Carlisle, A., Thomas, J. M., Hayes, A., Strauss, D., ... Marais, R. (2013). Genome sequencing of mucosal melanomas reveals that they are driven by distinct mechanisms from cutaneous melanoma. The Journal of pathology, 230(3), 261-9.
Ganley, J. P., & Comstock, G. W. (1973). Benign nevi and malignant melanomas of the choroid. American journal of ophthalmology, 76(1), 19-25.
Goldman, S., Glimelius, B., & Påhlman, L. (1990). Anorectal malignant melanoma in Sweden. Report of 49 patients. Diseases of the colon and rectum, 33(10), 874-7.
Gragoudas, E. S., Li, W., Lane, A. M., Munzenrider, J., & Egan, K. M. (1999). Risk factors for radiation maculopathy and papillopathy after intraocular irradiation. Ophthalmology, 106(8), 1571-7; discussion 1577-8.
Griewank, K. G., Westekemper, H., Murali, R., Mach, M., Schilling, B., Wiesner, T., Schimming, T., Livingstone, E., ... Schadendorf, D. (2013). Conjunctival melanomas harbor BRAF and NRAS mutations and copy number changes similar to cutaneous and mucosal melanomas. Clinical cancer research, 19(12), 3143-52.
Guenel, P., Laforest, L., Cyr, D., Fevotte, J., Sabroe, S., Dufour, C., Lutz, J. M., & Lynge, E. (2001). Occupational risk factors, ultraviolet radiation, and ocular melanoma: a case-control study in France. Cancer causes & control : CCC, 12(5), 451-9.
Gupta, S., Bedikian, A. Y., Ahrar, J., Ensor, J., Ahrar, K., Madoff, D. C., Wallace, M. J., Murthy, R., ... Hwu, P. (2010). Hepatic artery chemoembolization in patients with ocular melanoma metastatic to the liver: response, survival, and prognostic factors. American journal of clinical oncology, 33(5), 474-80.
Irvin, W. P. ,. J., Legallo, R. L., Stoler, M. H., Rice, L. W., Taylor, P. T. ,. J., & Andersen, W. A. (2001). Vulvar melanoma: a retrospective analysis and literature review. Gynecologic oncology, 83(3), 457-65.
Isager, P., Engholm, G., Overgaard, J., & Storm, H. (2006). Uveal and conjunctival malignant melanoma in denmark 1943-97: observed and relative survival of patients followed through 2002. Ophthalmic epidemiology, 13(2), 85-96.
Isager, P., Østerlind, A., Engholm, G., Heegaard, S., Lindegaard, J., Overgaard, J., & Storm, H. H. (2005). Uveal and conjunctival malignant melanoma in Denmark, 1943-97: incidence and validation study. Ophthalmic epidemiology, 12(4), 223-232.
Jampol, L. M., Moy, C. S., Murray, T. G., Reynolds, S. M., Albert, D. M., Schachat, A. P., Diddie, K. R., Engstrom, R. E., ... Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study Group (COMS Group) (2002). The COMS randomized trial of iodine 125 brachytherapy for choroidal melanoma - IV. Local treatment failure and enucleation in the first 5 years after brachytherapy. COMS report No. 19. Ophthalmology, 109(12), 2197-2206.
Jaramillo, B. A., Ganjei, P., Averette, H. E., Sevin, B. U., & Lovecchio, J. L. (1985). Malignant melanoma of the vulva. Obstetrics and gynecology, 66(3), 398-401.
Jensen, O. A. (1963). Malignant Melanomas of the Uvea in Denmark 1943-1952. A Clinical, Histopathological, and Prognostic Study. Acta ophthalmologica, 43(Suppl 75), SUPPL 75:1-220.
Jimenez-Requena, F., Delgado-Bolton, R. C., Fernandez-Perez, C., Gambhir, S. S., Schwimmer, J., Perez-Vazquez, J. M., & Carreras-Delgado, J. L. (2010). Meta-analysis of the performance of (18)F-FDG PET in cutaneous melanoma. European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, 37(2), 284-300.
Johansen, C., Boice, J. D. ,. J., McLaughlin, J. K., Christensen, H. C., & Olsen, J. H. (2002). Mobile phones and malignant melanoma of the eye. British journal of cancer, 86(3), 348-9.
Johnson, D. B., Carlson, J. A., Elvin, J. A., Vergilio, J. A., Suh, J., Ramkissoon, S., Daniel, S., Fabrizio, D., ... Ross, J. S. (2017). Landscape of genomic alterations (GA) and tumor mutational burden (TMB) in different metastatic melanoma (MM) subtypes.. Journal of clinical oncology, 35(15_Suppl), 9536.
Karim, R., & Conway, R. M. (2011). Conservative resection and adjuvant plaque brachytherapy for early-stage conjunctival melanoma. Clinical & experimental ophthalmology, 39(4), 293-8.
Kenawy, N., Lake, S. L., Coupland, S. E., & Damato, B. E. (2013). Conjunctival melanoma and melanocytic intra-epithelial neoplasia. Eye (London, England), 27(2), 142-52.
Kennedy, A. S., Nutting, C., Jakobs, T., Cianni, R., Notarianni, E., Ofer, A., Beny, A., & Dezarn, W. A. (2009). A first report of radioembolization for hepatic metastases from ocular melanoma. Cancer investigation, 27(6), 682-90.
Kini, A., Fu, R., Compton, C., Miller, D. M., & Ramasubramanian, A. (2017). Pembrolizumab for Recurrent Conjunctival Melanoma. JAMA ophthalmology, 135(8), 891-892.
Kivela, T., Eskelin, S., & Kujala, E. (2006). Metastatic uveal melanoma. International ophthalmology clinics, 46(1), 133-49.
Kodjikian, L., Grange, J. D., & Rivoire, M. (2005). Prolonged survival after resection of liver metastases from uveal melanoma and intra-arterial chemotherapy. Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology, 243(6), 622-4.
Konstadoulakis, M. M., Ricaniadis, N., Walsh, D., & Karakousis, C. P. (1995). Malignant melanoma of the anorectal region. Journal of surgical oncology, 58(2), 118-20.
Kujala, E., Makitie, T., & Kivela, T. (2003). Very long-term prognosis of patients with malignant uveal melanoma. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 44(11), 4651-4659.
Kurli, M., & Finger, P. T. (2005). Topical mitomycin chemotherapy for conjunctival malignant melanoma and primary acquired melanosis with atypia: 12 years' experience. Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology, 243(11), 1108-14.
Lawaetz, M., Birch-Johansen, F., Friis, S., Eriksen, J. G., Kiss, K., Gade, S., Møller-Madsen, M., Pourbordbari, N., & von Buchwald, C. (2016). Primary mucosal melanoma of the head and neck in Denmark, 1982-2012: Demographic and clinical aspects. A retrospective DAHANCA study. Acta oncologica, 55(8), 1001-8.
Li, W., Yu, Y., Wang, H., Yan, A., & Jiang, X. (2015). Evaluation of the prognostic impact of postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy on head and neck mucosal melanoma: a meta-analysis. BMC cancer, 15, 758.
Lian, B., Cui, C. L., Zhou, L., Song, X., Zhang, X. S., Wu, D., Si, L., Chi, Z. H., ... Guo, J. (2017). The natural history and patterns of metastases from mucosal melanoma: an analysis of 706 prospectively-followed patients. Annals of oncology, 28(4), 868-873.
Lim, M., Tatla, T., Hersh, D., & Hungerford, J. (2006). Patterns of regional head and neck lymph node metastasis in primary conjunctival malignant melanoma. The British journal of ophthalmology, 90(12), 1468-71.
Lotem, M., Anteby, S., Peretz, T., Ingber, A., Avinoach, I., & Prus, D. (2003). Mucosal melanoma of the female genital tract is a multifocal disorder. Gynecologic oncology, 88(1), 45-50.
Lyu, J., Wu, Y., Li, C., Wang, R., Song, H., Ren, G., & Guo, W. (2016). Mutation scanning of BRAF, NRAS, KIT, and GNAQ/GNA11 in oral mucosal melanoma: a study of 57 cases. Journal of oral pathology & medicine, 45(4), 295-301.
Malik, A., Hull, T. L., & Floruta, C. (2004). What is the best surgical treatment for anorectal melanoma?. International journal of colorectal disease, 19(2), 121-3.
Mariani, P., Piperno-Neumann, S., Servois, V., Berry, M. G., Dorval, T., Plancher, C., Couturier, J., Levy-Gabriel, C., ... Salmon, R. J. (2009). Surgical management of liver metastases from uveal melanoma: 16 years' experience at the Institut Curie. European journal of surgical oncology, 35(11), 1192-1197.
McLean, I. W., Ainbinder, D. J., Gamel, J. W., & McCurdy, J. B. (1995). Choroidal-ciliary body melanoma. A multivariate survival analysis of tumor location. Ophthalmology, 102(7), 1060-4.
Melia, B. M., Abramson, D. H., Albert, D. M., Boldt, H. C., Earle, J. D., Hanson, W. F., Montague, P., Moy, C. S., ... Stu, C. O. M. (2001). Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study (COMS) randomized trial of I-125 brachytherapy for medium choroidal melanoma - I. Visual acuity after 3 years - COMS report no. 16. Ophthalmology, 108(2), 348-366.
Mihajlovic, M., Vlajkovic, S., Jovanovic, P., & Stefanovic, V. (2012). Primary mucosal melanomas: a comprehensive review. International journal of clinical and experimental pathology, 5(8), 739-53.
Missotten, G. S., Keijser, S., De Keizer, R. J., & De Wolff-Rouendaal, D. (2005). Conjunctival melanoma in the Netherlands: a nationwide study. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 46(1), 75-82.
Moozar, K. L., Wong, C. S., & Couture, J. (2003). Anorectal malignant melanoma: treatment with surgery or radiation therapy, or both. Canadian journal of surgery, 46(5), 345-9.
Mortality in patients with small choroidal melanoma. COMS report no. 4. The Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study Group. (1997). Archives of ophthalmology, 115(7), 886-893.
Mudhar, H. S., Parsons, M. A., Sisley, K., Rundle, P., Singh, A., & Rennie, I. G. (2004). A critical appraisal of the prognostic and predictive factors for uveal malignant melanoma. Histopathology, 45(1), 1-12.
Nasjonalt kvalitetsregister for melanom (2021). Årsrapport 2020: resultater og forbedringstiltak fra Nasjonalt kvalitetsregister for melanom Oslo: Kreftregisteret. Hentet fra https://www.kvalitetsregistre.no/sites/default/files/2021-10/%C3%85rsrapport%20Nasjonalt%20kvalitetsregister%20for%20melanom%202020.pdf
Nathan, P., Hassel, J. C., Rutkowski, P., Baurain, J. F., Butler, M. O., Schlaak, M., Sullivan, R. J., Ochsenreither, S., ... Piperno-Neumann, S. (2021). Overall Survival Benefit with Tebentafusp in Metastatic Uveal Melanoma. The New England journal of medicine, 385(13), 1196-1206.
Naus, N. C., Verhoeven, A. C. A., van Drunen, E., Slater, R., Mooy, C. M., Paridaens, D. A., Luyten, G. P. M., & de Klein, A. (2002). Detection of genetic prognostic markers in uveal melanoma biopsies using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Clinical cancer research, 8(2), 534-539.
Oellers, P., & Karp, C. L. (2012). Management of pigmented conjunctival lesions. The ocular surface, 10(4), 251-63.
Onken, M. D., Worley, L. A., Ehlers, J. P., & Harbour, J. W. (2004). Gene expression profiling in uveal melanoma reveals two molecular classes and predicts metastatic death. Cancer research, 64(20), 7205-9.
The Oral Cancer Foundation (7. september. 2010). Oral malignant melanoma. [nettside]. Newport Beach, CA: The Oral Cancer Foundation. Hentet September 2011 fra https://oralcancerfoundation.org/facts/rare/oral-malignant-melanoma/
Osterlind, A. (1987). Trends in incidence of ocular malignant melanoma in Denmark 1943-1982. International journal of cancer, 40(2), 161-4.
Pach, J. M., & Robertson, D. M. (1986). Metastasis from untreated uveal melanomas. Archives of ophthalmology, 104(11), 1624-5.
Patel, S. G., Prasad, M. L., Escrig, M., Singh, B., Shaha, A. R., Kraus, D. H., Boyle, J. O., Huvos, A. G., ... Shah, J. P. (2002). Primary mucosal malignant melanoma of the head and neck. Head & neck, 24(3), 247-57.
Pelster, M. S., Gruschkus, S. K., Bassett, R., Gombos, D. S., Shephard, M., Posada, L., Glover, M. S., Simien, R., ... Patel, S. P. (2021). Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Metastatic Uveal Melanoma: Results From a Single-Arm Phase II Study. Journal of clinical oncology, 39(6), 599-607.
Pessaux, P., Pocard, M., Elias, D., Duvillard, P., Avril, M. F., Zimmerman, P., & Lasser, P. (2004). Surgical management of primary anorectal melanoma. The British journal of surgery, 91(9), 1183-7.
Peters, S., Voelter, V., Zografos, L., Pampallona, S., Popescu, R., Gillet, M., Bosshard, W., Fiorentini, G., ... Leyvraz, S. (2006). Intra-arterial hepatic fotemustine for the treatment of liver metastases from uveal melanoma: experience in 101 patients. Annals of oncology, 17(4), 578-83.
Piulats, J. M., Espinosa, E., de la Cruz Merino, L., Varela, M., Alonso Carrión, L., Martín-Algarra, S., López Castro, R., Curiel, T., ... Berrocal-Jaime, A. (2021). Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab for Treatment-Naïve Metastatic Uveal Melanoma: An Open-Label, Multicenter, Phase II Trial by the Spanish Multidisciplinary Melanoma Group (GEM-1402). Journal of clinical oncology, 39(6), 586-598.
Prescher, G., Bornfeld, N., Hirche, H., Horsthemke, B., Jockel, K. H., & Becher, R. (1996). Prognostic implications of monosomy 3 in uveal melanoma. Lancet, 347(9010), 1222-5.
Raivio, I. (1977). Uveal melanoma in Finland. An epidemiological, clinical, histological and prognostic study. Acta ophthalmologica. Supplementum, (133), 1-64.
Robertson, D. M. (2008). Cytogenetics in the management of uveal melanoma: are we there yet?. Archives of ophthalmology, 126(3), 409-410.
Ross, M., Pezzi, C., Pezzi, T., Meurer, D., Hickey, R., & Balch, C. (1990). Patterns of failure in anorectal melanoma. A guide to surgical therapy. Archives of surgery, 125(3), 313-6.
Roumen, R. M. (1996). Anorectal melanoma in The Netherlands: a report of 63 patients. European journal of surgical oncology, 22(6), 598-601.
Salmon, R. J., Levy, C., Plancher, C., Dorval, T., Desjardins, L., Leyvraz, S., Pouillart, P., Schlienger, P., ... Asselain, B. (1998). Treatment of liver metastases from uveal melanoma by combined surgery-chemotherapy. European journal of surgical oncology, 24(2), 127-30.
Seregard, S. (1998). Conjunctival melanoma. Survey of ophthalmology, 42(4), 321-50.
Seregard, S. (1999). Long-term survival after ruthenium plaque radiotherapy for uveal melanoma. A meta-analysis of studies including 1,066 patients. Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica, 77(4), 414-7.
Seregard, S., & Kock, E. (1995). Prognostic indicators following enucleation for posterior uveal melanoma. A multivariate analysis of long-term survival with minimized loss to follow-up. Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica, 73(4), 340-4.
Shah, C. P., Weis, E., Lajous, M., Shields, J. A., & Shields, C. L. (2005). Intermittent and chronic ultraviolet light exposure and uveal melanoma: a meta-analysis. Ophthalmology, 112(9), 1599-607.
Shields, C. L., Kaliki, S., Al-Dahmash, S. A., Lally, S. E., & Shields, J. A. (2012). American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) clinical classification predicts conjunctival melanoma outcomes. Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery, 28(5), 313-23.
Shields, C. L., Furuta, M., Berman, E. L., Zahler, J. D., Hoberman, D. M., Dinh, D. H., Mashayekhi, A., & Shields, J. A. (2009). Choroidal Nevus Transformation Into Melanoma Analysis of 2514 Consecutive Cases. Archives of ophthalmology, 127(8), 981-987.
Shields, C. L., Cater, J., Shields, J. A., Singh, A. D., Santos, M. C., & Carvalho, C. (2000). Combination of clinical factors predictive of growth of small choroidal melanocytic tumors. Archives of ophthalmology, 118(3), 360-4.
Shields, C. L., Shields, J. A., Gündüz, K., Cater, J., Mercado, G. V., Gross, N., & Lally, B. (2000). Conjunctival melanoma: risk factors for recurrence, exenteration, metastasis, and death in 150 consecutive patients. Archives of ophthalmology, 118(11), 1497-507.
Shields, C. L., Shields, J. A., Karlsson, U., Menduke, H., & Brady, L. W. (1990). Enucleation after plaque radiotherapy for posterior uveal melanoma. Histopathologic findings. Ophthalmology, 97(12), 1665-70.
Shields, C. L., Shields, J. A., Cater, J., Gunduz, K., Miyamoto, C., Micaily, B., & Brady, L. W. (2000). Plaque radiotherapy for uveal melanoma: long-term visual outcome in 1106 consecutive patients. Archives of ophthalmology, 118(9), 1219-28.
Shields, J. A., Shields, C. L., Mashayekhi, A., Marr, B. P., Benavides, R., Thangappan, A., Phan, L., & Eagle, R. C. ,. J. (2007). Primary acquired melanosis of the conjunctiva: experience with 311 eyes. Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society, 105, 61-71; discussion 71-2.
Shields, C. L., Shields, J. A., Perez, N., Singh, A. D., & Cater, J. (2002). Primary transpupillary thermotherapy for small choroidal melanoma in 256 consecutive cases: outcomes and limitations. Ophthalmology, 109(2), 225-34.
Shields, C. L., Materin, M. A., Teixeira, L., Mashayekhi, A., Ganguly, A., & Shields, J. A. (2007). Small choroidal melanoma with chromosome 3 monosomy on fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Ophthalmology, 114(10), 1919-24.
Shoushtari, A. N., Munhoz, R. R., Kuk, D., Ott, P. A., Johnson, D. B., Tsai, K. K., Rapisuwon, S., Eroglu, Z., ... Postow, M. A. (2016). The efficacy of anti-PD-1 agents in acral and mucosal melanoma. Cancer, 122(21), 3354-3362.
Singh, A. D., & Borden, E. C. (2005). Metastatic uveal melanoma. Ophthalmology clinics of North America, 18(1), 143-50, ix.
Singh, A. D., Shields, C. L., & Shields, J. A. (2001). Prognostic factors in uveal melanoma. Melanoma research, 11(3), 255-63.
Singh, A. D., & Topham, A. (2003). Survival rates with uveal melanoma in the United States: 1973-1997. Ophthalmology, 110(5), 962-5.
Singh, A. D., Shields, C. L., Shields, J. A., & Sato, T. (2000). Uveal melanoma in young patients. Archives of ophthalmology, 118(7), 918-23.
Sisley, K., Nichols, C., Parsons, M. A., Farr, R., Rees, R. C., & Rennie, I. G. (1998). Clinical applications of chromosome analysis, from fine needle aspiration biopsies, of posterior uveal melanomas. Eye (London, England), 12 ( Pt 2), 203-7.
Slingluff, C. L. ,. J., Vollmer, R. T., & Seigler, H. F. (1990). Anorectal melanoma: clinical characteristics and results of surgical management in twenty-four patients. Surgery, 107(1), 1-9.
Spendlove, H. E., Damato, B. E., Humphreys, J., Barker, K. T., Hiscott, P. S., & Houlston, R. S. (2004). BRAF mutations are detectable in conjunctival but not uveal melanomas. Melanoma research, 14(6), 449-52.
Stang, A., Streller, B., Eisinger, B., & Jöckel, K. H. (2005). Population-based incidence rates of malignant melanoma of the vulva in Germany. Gynecologic oncology, 96(1), 216-21.
Stang, A., Anastassiou, G., Ahrens, W., Bromen, K., Bornfeld, N., & Jockel, K. H. (2001). The possible role of radiofrequency radiation in the development of uveal melanoma. Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 12(1), 7-12.
Sumich, P., Mitchell, P., & Wang, J. J. (1998). Choroidal nevi in a white population: the Blue Mountains Eye Study. Archives of ophthalmology, 116(5), 645-50.
Suwandinata, F. S., Bohle, R. M., Omwandho, C. A., Tinneberg, H. R., & Gruessner, S. E. (2007). Management of vulvar melanoma and review of the literature. European journal of gynaecological oncology, 28(3), 220-4.
Tchelebi, L., Guirguis, A., & Ashamalla, H. (2016). Rectal melanoma: epidemiology, prognosis, and role of adjuvant radiation therapy. Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology, 142(12), 2569-2575.
Thibault, C., Sagar, P., Nivatvongs, S., Ilstrup, D. M., & Wolff, B. G. (1997). Anorectal melanoma--an incurable disease?. Diseases of the colon and rectum, 40(6), 661-8.
Triay, E., Bergman, L., Nilsson, B., All-Ericsson, C., & Seregard, S. (2009). Time trends in the incidence of conjunctival melanoma in Sweden. The British journal of ophthalmology, 93(11), 1524-8.
Trimble, E. L., Lewis, J. L. ,. J., Williams, L. L., Curtin, J. P., Chapman, D., Woodruff, J. M., Rubin, S. C., & Hoskins, W. J. (1992). Management of vulvar melanoma. Gynecologic oncology, 45(3), 254-8.
Tuomaala, S., & Kivelä, T. (2004). Metastatic pattern and survival in disseminated conjunctival melanoma: implications for sentinel lymph node biopsy. Ophthalmology, 111(4), 816-21.
Tuomaala, S., Eskelin, S., Tarkkanen, A., & Kivela, T. (2002). Population-based assessment of clinical characteristics predicting outcome of conjunctival melanoma in whites. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 43(11), 3399-408.
Verschraegen, C. F., Benjapibal, M., Supakarapongkul, W., Levy, L. B., Ross, M., Atkinson, E. N., Bodurka-Bevers, D., Kavanagh, J. J., ... Legha, S. S. (2001). Vulvar melanoma at the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center: 25 years later. International journal of gynecological cancer, 11(5), 359-64.
Voit, C. A., van Akkooi, A. C., Schäfer-Hesterberg, G., Schoengen, A., Schmitz, P. I., Sterry, W., & Eggermont, A. M. (2009). Rotterdam Criteria for sentinel node (SN) tumor burden and the accuracy of ultrasound (US)-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC): can US-guided FNAC replace SN staging in patients with melanoma?. Journal of clinical oncology, 27(30), 4994-5000.
Wagoner, M. D., & Albert, D. M. (1982). The incidence of metastases from untreated ciliary body and choroidal melanoma. Archives of ophthalmology, 100(6), 939-40.
Wallander, M. L., Layfield, L. J., Emerson, L. L., Mamalis, N., Davis, D., Tripp, S. R., & Holden, J. A. (2011). KIT mutations in ocular melanoma: frequency and anatomic distribution. Modern pathology, 24(8), 1031-5.
Werschnik, C., & Lommatzsch, P. K. (2002). Long-term follow-up of patients with conjunctival melanoma. American journal of clinical oncology, 25(3), 248-55.
Weyandt, G. H., Eggert, A. O., Houf, M., Raulf, F., Bröcker, E. B., & Becker, J. C. (2003). Anorectal melanoma: surgical management guidelines according to tumour thickness. British journal of cancer, 89(11), 2019-22.
Xing, Y., Bronstein, Y., Ross, M. I., Askew, R. L., Lee, J. E., Gershenwald, J. E., Royal, R., & Cormier, J. N. (2011). Contemporary diagnostic imaging modalities for the staging and surveillance of melanoma patients: a meta-analysis. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 103(2), 129-42.
Yeh, J. J., Shia, J., Hwu, W. J., Busam, K. J., Paty, P. B., Guillem, J. G., Coit, D. G., Wong, W. D., & Weiser, M. R. (2006). The role of abdominoperineal resection as surgical therapy for anorectal melanoma. Annals of surgery, 244(6), 1012-7.
Young, T. A., Burgess, B. L., Rao, N. P., Gorin, M. B., & Straatsma, B. R. (2007). High-density genome array is superior to fluorescence in-situ hybridization analysis of monosomy 3 in choroidal melanoma fine needle aspiration biopsy. Molecular vision, 13(261-65), 2328-2333.
Zebary, A., Jangard, M., Omholt, K., Ragnarsson-Olding, B., & Hansson, J. (2013). KIT, NRAS and BRAF mutations in sinonasal mucosal melanoma: a study of 56 cases. British journal of cancer, 109(3), 559-64.
Siste faglige endring: 05. juli 2023