9. Behandling av lokalisert sykdom / kurativ behandling
9.1. Kirurgisk behandling av histologisk verifisert melanom
9.2. Strålebehandling
9.3. Medikamentell behandling
Agnese, D. M., Abdessalam, S. F., Burak, W. E. ,. J., Magro, C. M., Pozderac, R. V., & Walker, M. J. (2003). Cost-effectiveness of sentinel lymph node biopsy in thin melanomas. Surgery, 134(4), 542-7; discussion 547-8.
Amin, M. B., Edge, S., Greene, F. L., Byrd, D. R., Brookland, R. K., Washington, M. K., Gershenwald, J. E. (2017). AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. Springer-Verlag.
Andtbacka, R. H., & Gershenwald, J. E. (2009). Role of sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with thin melanoma. Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, 7(3), 308-17.
Ascierto, P. A., Del Vecchio, M., Mandalá, M., Gogas, H., Arance, A. M., Dalle, S., Cowey, C. L., Schenker, M., ... Weber, J. (2020). Adjuvant nivolumab versus ipilimumab in resected stage IIIB-C and stage IV melanoma (CheckMate 238): 4-year results from a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. The Lancet. Oncology, 21(11), 1465-1477.
Balch, C. M., Houghton, A. N., Sober, A. J., Soong, S., Atkins, M. B., Thompson, J. F. (2009). Cutaneous melanoma. Lippingcott.
Balch, C. M., & Ross, M. I. (1999). Melanoma patients with iliac nodal metastases can be cured. Annals of surgical oncology, 6(3), 230-231.
Beasley, G. M., Petersen, R. P., Yoo, J., McMahon, N., Aloia, T., Petros, W., Sanders, G., Cheng, T. Y., ... Tyler, D. S. (2008). Isolated limb infusion for in-transit malignant melanoma of the extremity: a well-tolerated but less effective alternative to hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion. Annals of surgical oncology, 15(8), 2195-2205.
Benlyazid, A., Thariat, J., Temam, S., Malard, O., Florescu, C., Choussy, O., Makeieff, M., Poissonnet, G., ... Filleron, T. (2010). Postoperative radiotherapy in head and neck mucosal melanoma: a GETTEC study. Archives of otolaryngology--head & neck surgery, 136(12), 1219-25.
Brierley, J. D., Gospodarowicz, M. K., Wittekind, C. (2017). TNM classification of malignant tumours. Wiley-Blackwell.
Broman, K. K., Hughes, T. M., Dossett, L. A., Sun, J., Carr, M. J., Kirichenko, D. A., Sharma, A., Bartlett, E. K., ... Zager, J. S. (2021). Surveillance of Sentinel Node-Positive Melanoma Patients with Reasons for Exclusion from MSLT-II: Multi-Institutional Propensity Score Matched Analysis. Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 232(4), 424-431.
Caraco, C., Celentano, E., Lastoria, S., Botti, G., Ascierto, P. A., & Mozzillo, N. (2004). Sentinel lymph node biopsy does not change melanoma-specific survival among patients with Breslow thickness greater than four millimeters. Annals of surgical oncology, 11(3 Suppl), 198S-202S.
Dummer, R., Hauschild, A., Santinami, M., Atkinson, V., Mandalà, M., Kirkwood, J. M., Chiarion Sileni, V., Larkin, J., ... Schadendorf, D. (2020). Five-Year Analysis of Adjuvant Dabrafenib plus Trametinib in Stage III Melanoma. The New England journal of medicine, 383(12), 1139-1148.
Dummer, R., Schadendorf, D., Hauschild, A., Santinami, M., Atkinson, V. G., Mandala, M., Chiarion Sileni, V., Larkin, J., ... Long, G. V. (2018). 1250PEstimate of long-term relapse-free survival (RFS) and analysis of baseline factors associated with RFS in the COMBI-AD trial. Annals of oncology, 29(suppl_8), mdy289.006.
Egger, M. E., Stevenson, M., Bhutiani, N., Jordan, A. C., Scoggins, C. R., Philips, P., Martin, R. C. ,. 2., & McMasters, K. M. (2019). Should Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Be Performed for All T1b Melanomas in the New 8(th) Edition American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging System?. Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 228(4), 466-472.
Eggermont, A. M. M., Blank, C. U., Mandala, M., Long, G. V., Atkinson, V., Dalle, S., Haydon, A., Lichinitser, M., ... Robert, C. (2018). Adjuvant Pembrolizumab versus Placebo in Resected Stage III Melanoma. The New England journal of medicine, 378(19), 1789-1801.
Eggermont, A. M. M., Blank, C. U., Mandala, M., Long, G. V., Atkinson, V. G., Dalle, S., Haydon, A. M., Meshcheryakov, A., ... Robert, C. (2020). Longer Follow-Up Confirms Recurrence-Free Survival Benefit of Adjuvant Pembrolizumab in High-Risk Stage III Melanoma: Updated Results From the EORTC 1325-MG/KEYNOTE-054 Trial. Journal of clinical oncology, 38(33), 3925-3936.
Faries, M. B., Thompson, J. F., Cochran, A. J., Andtbacka, R. H., Mozzillo, N., Zager, J. S., Jahkola, T., Bowles, T. L., ... Elashoff, R. M. (2017). Completion Dissection or Observation for Sentinel-Node Metastasis in Melanoma. The New England journal of medicine, 376(23), 2211-2222.
Gillgren, P., Drzewiecki, K. T., Niin, M., Gullestad, H. P., Hellborg, H., Mansson-Brahme, E., Ingvar, C., & Ringborg, U. (2011). 2-cm versus 4-cm surgical excision margins for primary cutaneous melanoma thicker than 2 mm: a randomised, multicentre trial. Lancet, 378(9803), 1635-1642.
Grotz, T. E., Glorioso, J. M., Pockaj, B. A., Harmsen, W. S., & Jakub, J. W. (2013). Preservation of the deep muscular fascia and locoregional control in melanoma. Surgery, 153(4), 535-41.
Guggenheim, M. M., Hug, U., Jung, F. J., Rousson, V., Aust, M. C., Calcagni, M., Kunzi, W., & Giovanoli, P. (2008). Morbidity and recurrence after completion lymph node dissection following sentinel lymph node biopsy in cutaneous malignant melanoma. Annals of surgery, 247(4), 687-93.
Gyorki, D. E., Sanelli, A., Herschtal, A., Lazarakis, S., McArthur, G. A., Speakman, D., Spillane, J., & Henderson, M. A. (2016). Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in T4 Melanoma: An Important Risk-Stratification Tool. Annals of surgical oncology, 23(2), 579-84.
Hill, S., & Thomas, M. (1996). Use of the carbon dioxide laser to manage cutaneous metastases from malignant melanoma. British Journal of Surgery, 83(4), 509-512.
Hughes, T. M., A'Hern, R. P., & Thomas, J. M. (2000). Prognosis and surgical management of patients with palpable inguinal lymph node metastases from melanoma. The British journal of surgery, 87(7), 892-901.
Hunger, R. E., Seyed Jafari, S. M., Angermeier, S., & Shafighi, M. (2014). Excision of fascia in melanoma thicker than 2 mm: no evidence for improved clinical outcome. The British journal of dermatology, 171(6), 1391-6.
Karakousis, C. P., Emrich, L. J., & Rao, U. (1986). Groin dissection in malignant melanoma. American journal of surgery, 152(5), 491-5.
Karakousis, G. C., Pandit-Taskar, N., Hsu, M., Panageas, K., Atherton, S., Ariyan, C., & Brady, M. S. (2013). Prognostic significance of drainage to pelvic nodes at sentinel lymph node mapping in patients with extremity melanoma. Melanoma research, 23(1), 40-46.
Kretschmer, L., Thoms, K. M., Peeters, S., Haenssle, H., Bertsch, H. P., & Emmert, S. (2008). Postoperative morbidity of lymph node excision for cutaneous melanoma-sentinel lymphonodectomy versus complete regional lymph node dissection. Melanoma research, 18(1), 16-21.
Kyrgidis, A., Tzellos, T., Mocellin, S., Apalla, Z., Lallas, A., Pilati, P., & Stratigos, A. (2015). Sentinel lymph node biopsy followed by lymph node dissection for localised primary cutaneous melanoma. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, (5), CD010307.
Leiter, U., Stadler, R., Mauch, C., Hohenberger, W., Brockmeyer, N., Berking, C., Sunderkotter, C., Kaatz, M., ... Garbe, C. (2016). Complete lymph node dissection versus no dissection in patients with sentinel lymph node biopsy positive melanoma (DeCOG-SLT): a multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trial. The Lancet. Oncology, 17(6), 757-767.
Levitan, D. (2012). New ASCO, SSO guidelines for sentinel lymph node biopsy in melanoma. Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.), 26(9), 841-2.
Liu, L. C., Parrett, B. M., Jenkins, T., Lee, W., Morita, E., Treseler, P., Huang, L., Thummala, S., ... Leong, S. P. L. (2011). Selective Sentinel Lymph Node Dissection for Melanoma: Importance of Harvesting Nodes with Lower Radioactive Counts without the Need for Blue Dye. Annals of surgical oncology, 18(10), 2919-2924.
Marty, M., Sersa, G., Garbay, J. R., Gehl, J., Collins, C. G., Snoj, M., Billard, V., Geertsen, P. F., ... Mir, L. M. (2006). Electrochemotherapy - An easy, highly effective and safe treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases: Results of ESOPE (European Standard Operating Procedures of Electrochemotherapy) study. European Journal of Cancer Supplements, 4(11), 3-13.
Maurichi, A., Miceli, R., Eriksson, H., Newton-Bishop, J., Nsengimana, J., Chan, M., Hayes, A. J., Heelan, K., ... Santinami, M. (2020). Factors Affecting Sentinel Node Metastasis in Thin (T1) Cutaneous Melanomas: Development and External Validation of a Predictive Nomogram. Journal of clinical oncology, 38(14), 1591-1601.
McMasters, K. M., Reintgen, D. S., Ross, M. I., Wong, S. L., Gershenwald, J. E., Krag, D. N., Noyes, R. D., Viar, V., ... Edwards, M. J. (2001). Sentinel lymph node biopsy for melanoma: how many radioactive nodes should be removed?. Annals of surgical oncology, 8(3), 192-7.
Mir, L. M., Gehl, J., Sersa, G., Collins, C. G., Garbay, J. R., Billard, V., Geertsen, P. F., Rudolf, Z., ... Marty, M. (2006). Standard operating procedures of the electrochemotherapy: Instructions for the use of bleomycin or cisplatin administered either systemically or locally and electric pulses delivered by the CliniporatorTM by means of invasive or non-invasive electrodes. European Journal of Cancer Supplements, 4(11), 14-25.
Moncrieff, M., Henderson, M. (2015-2026). MelmarT Melanoma Margins Trial Investigating 1cm v 2cm Wide Excision Margins for Primary Cutaneous Melanoma (MelmarT) [pågående studie] (NCT02385214). Hentet fra https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02385214
Moncrieff, M., Pywell, S., Snelling, A., Gray, M., Newman, D., Beadsmoore, C., Pawaroo, D., & Heaton, M. (2022). Effectiveness of SPECT/CT Imaging for Sentinel Node Biopsy Staging of Primary Cutaneous Melanoma and Patient Outcomes. Annals of surgical oncology, 29(2), 767-775.
Morton, D. L. (2012). Overview and update of the phase III Multicenter Selective Lymphadenectomy Trials (MSLT-I and MSLT-II) in melanoma. Clinical & experimental metastasis, 29(7), 699-706.
Morton, D. L., Thompson, J. F., Cochran, A. J., Mozzillo, N., Elashoff, R., Essner, R., Nieweg, O. E., Roses, D. F., ... Wang, H. J. (2006). Sentinel-node biopsy or nodal observation in melanoma. The New England journal of medicine, 355(13), 1307-1317.
Morton, D. L., Thompson, J. F., Cochran, A. J., Mozzillo, N., Nieweg, O. E., Roses, D. F., Hoekstra, H. J., Karakousis, C. P., ... Faries, M. B. (2014). Final trial report of sentinel-node biopsy versus nodal observation in melanoma. The New England journal of medicine, 370(7), 599-609.
Nasjonalt kvalitetsregister for melanom (2021). Årsrapport 2020: resultater og forbedringstiltak fra Nasjonalt kvalitetsregister for melanom Oslo: Kreftregisteret. Hentet fra https://www.kvalitetsregistre.no/sites/default/files/2021-10/%C3%85rsrapport%20Nasjonalt%20kvalitetsregister%20for%20melanom%202020.pdf
Park, S. S., Dong, H., Liu, X., Harrington, S. M., Krco, C. J., Grams, M. P., Mansfield, A. S., Furutani, K. M., ... Kwon, E. D. (2015). PD-1 Restrains Radiotherapy-Induced Abscopal Effect. Cancer immunology research, 3(6), 610-9.
Pasquali, S., Mocellin, S., Campana, L. G., Bonandini, E., Montesco, M. C., Tregnaghi, A., Del Fiore, P., Nitti, D., & Rossi, C. R. (2010). Early (sentinel lymph node biopsy-guided) versus delayed lymphadenectomy in melanoma patients with lymph node metastases : personal experience and literature meta-analysis. Cancer, 116(5), 1201-9.
Patel, S. P., Othus, M., Chen, Y., Wright, G. P. ,. J., Yost, K. J., Hyngstrom, J. R., Hu-Lieskovan, S., Lao, C. D., ... Ribas, A. (2023). Neoadjuvant-Adjuvant or Adjuvant-Only Pembrolizumab in Advanced Melanoma. The New England journal of medicine, 388(9), 813-823.
Pentheroudakis, G., Orecchia, R., Hoekstra, H. J., & Pavlidis, N. (2010). Cancer, fertility and pregnancy: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Annals of oncology, 21 Suppl 5, v266-73.
Reijers, I. L. M., Menzies, A. M., van Akkooi, A. C. J., Versluis, J. M., van den Heuvel, N. M. J., Saw, R. P. M., Pennington, T. E., Kapiteijn, E., ... Blank, C. U. (2022). Personalized response-directed surgery and adjuvant therapy after neoadjuvant ipilimumab and nivolumab in high-risk stage III melanoma: the PRADO trial. Nature medicine, 28(6), 1178-1188.
Rossi, C. R., Mocellin, S., Scagnet, B., Foletto, M., Vecchiato, A., Pilati, P., Tregnaghi, A., Zavagno, G., ... Lise, M. (2003). The role of preoperative ultrasound scan in detecting lymph node metastasis before sentinel node biopsy in melanoma patients. Journal of surgical oncology, 83(2), 80-84.
Scolyer, R. A., Murali, R., McCarthy, S. W., & Thompson, J. F. (2008). Pathologic examination of sentinel lymph nodes from melanoma patients. Seminars in diagnostic pathology, 25(2), 100-11.
Sladden, M. J., Balch, C., Barzilai, D. A., Berg, D., Freiman, A., Handiside, T., Hollis, S., Lens, M. B., & Thompson, J. F. (2009). Surgical excision margins for primary cutaneous melanoma. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, (4), CD004835.
Sosialstyrelsen (2009). Populärvetenskapliga fakta om cancer: cancer i siffror 2009 Stockholm: Sosialstyrelsen. Hentet fra https://docplayer.se/2418863-Popularvetenskapliga-fakta-om-cancer-cancer-i-siffror-2009.html
Sterne, G. D., Murray, D. S., & Grimley, R. P. (1995). Ilioinguinal block dissection for malignant melanoma. The British journal of surgery, 82(8), 1057-9.
Stone, C. A., & Goodacre, T. E. (1995). Surgical management of regional lymph nodes in primary cutaneous malignant melanoma. The British journal of surgery, 82(8), 1015-22.
Thomas, J. M. (2008). Prognostic false-positivity of the sentinel node in melanoma. Nature clinical practice. Oncology, 5(1), 18-23.
Thompson, J. F., & Kam, P. C. (2008). Current status of isolated limb infusion with mild hyperthermia for melanoma. International journal of hyperthermia, 24(3), 219-25.
Ulrich, J., van Akkooi, A. J., Eggermont, A. M., & Voit, C. (2011). New developments in melanoma: utility of ultrasound imaging (initial staging, follow-up and pre-SLNB). Expert review of anticancer therapy, 11(11), 1693-701.
Voit, C., Kron, M., Schafer, G., Schoengen, A., Audring, H., Lukowsky, A., Schwurzer-Voit, M., Sterry, W., ... Rademaker, J. (2006). Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology prior to sentinel lymph node biopsy in melanoma patients. Annals of surgical oncology, 13(12), 1682-9.
Warycha, M. A., Zakrzewski, J., Ni, Q., Shapiro, R. L., Berman, R. S., Pavlick, A. C., Polsky, D., Mazumdar, M., & Osman, I. (2009). Meta-analysis of sentinel lymph node positivity in thin melanoma (<or=1 mm). Cancer, 115(4), 869-879.
Weber, J., Mandala, M., Del Vecchio, M., Gogas, H. J., Arance, A. M., Cowey, C. L., Dalle, S., Schenker, M., ... Ascierto, P. A. (2017). Adjuvant Nivolumab versus Ipilimumab in Resected Stage III or IV Melanoma. The New England journal of medicine, 377(19), 1824-1835.
Wong, S. L., Balch, C. M., Hurley, P., Agarwala, S. S., Akhurst, T. J., Cochran, A., Cormier, J. N., Gorman, M., ... Lyman, G. H. (2012). Sentinel lymph node biopsy for melanoma: American Society of Clinical Oncology and Society of Surgical Oncology joint clinical practice guideline. Journal of clinical oncology, 30(23), 2912-2918.
Siste faglige endring: 05. juli 2023